WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference

WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference
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De-carbonization pathways in the water sector in the GCC countries

Hind Al-Ali, Mousa AlHajri, Mohammed AlAali

(2025) 17 https://doi.org/10.5004/700101

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A special session in which national working papers from the GCC countries are presented to present their national vision, efforts, and experiences to reduce carbon emissions in the water sector to contribute to achieving carbon neutrality within the framework of the Paris Climate Change Agreement.

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Development of flood risk mapping and mitigation strategies for Al-Qassim region

Atef Q. Kawara, Ibrahim H. Elsebaie

(2025) 133–140 https://doi.org/10.5004/700050

Abstract In this study, a research project aiming at producing a comprehensive map of flood risk in the Al-Qassim region is described. Flooding has become a pressing issue in this region, and this initiative aims to apply fundamental scientific principles to advance our understanding of flood risks, resulting in the development of innovative mitigation...
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Towards a novel wastewater treatment process: a submerged membrane electro-bioreactor (SMEBR)-simultaneous biodegradation, electrocoagulation and membrane filtration

Khalid Bani-Melhem, Maria Elektorowicz

(2025) 286–294 https://doi.org/10.5004/700062

Abstract The limited freshwater resources make the need for wastewater treatment and reuse a mandatory option in many countries around the world specifically in arid and semi-arid regions like the Arab Gulf area due to severe water scarcity. Therefore, focusing on advanced wastewater treatment methods has become a hot issue in recent years. Membrane...
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Airborne VHF sounding radar for desert subsurface exploration of shallow aquifers: DESERT-SEA

Essam Heggy

(2025) 77 https://doi.org/10.5004/700103

Abstract Shallow fossil aquifers are the largest freshwater bodies in the North African Sahara and the Arabian Peninsula. Their groundwater dynamics and response to climatic variability and anthropogenic discharge remain largely unquantified due to the absence of large-scale monitoring methods. Currently, the assessment of groundwater dynamics in these...
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Oxide activated carbon for seawater desalination using solar energy

Wafa A. Al Rawahi, Amal S. Al Rahbi, Maryam S. Al Hashmi, Marwa Al Riyami, Hanadi Al Aameriya, Nada A. Al-Toubi, Riham A. Al-Nabhani

(2025) 40–46 https://doi.org/10.5004/700032

Abstract Desalination of seawater is an efficient process and a viable solution for water shortage problems. This process is consuming a large amount of energy. One of the latest possible solutions with less energy consumption is the use of activated carbon for the desalination process. Activated carbon can be produced using several materials including...
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Implementation status of integrated water resources management in GCC countries according to UN-SDGs

Mohamed Shamrukh, Khaled El-Said

(2025) 202 - 208 https://doi.org/10.5004/700053

Abstract The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries are located in arid regions with rare natural freshwater resources and increasing amounts of treated wastewater for reuse or recycling. Therefore, integrated water resources management (IWRM) is essential for water security in the GCC countries. Globally, IWRM is one of the UN Sustainable Development...
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Multi-objective optimization of innovative renewable energy-powered desalination and cooling system: a cutting-edge approach

Hassan Abdulrahim, Mansour Ahmed, Yousef Al-Wazzan, Salah Al-Jazzaf

(2025) 69–76 https://doi.org/10.5004/700069

Abstract Addressing water scarcity and elevated energy demand becomes imperative in arid regions like Kuwait and its fellow GCC nations. This study introduces a sophisticated system that synergistically pairs the Forward Osmosis (FO) with the Thermal Recovery (TR) desalination process with a Water-Lithium Bromide (H2O-LiBr) Vapor Absorption Cycle (VAC)....
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Addressing climate change risks on water and food security in the Arab Region

Vinay Nangia

(2025) 12 https://doi.org/10.5004/700098

Abstract Water scarcity is increasing, especially in dry environments, such as in the Arab Region, with climate change and degradation of natural resources. About 41% of the Earth’s land area is classified as dryland; wherein the farming system is characterized by low annual rainfall with much of it falling in the winter and spring. Agriculture,...
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Comparative wastewater quality indicators and multivariate analysis of Riyadh sewage treatment plants and its impact on irrigation of Riyadh District

Ahmed M. Elfeky, Ahmed A. El-Shafei, Faisal M. Alfaisal

(2025) 315–323 https://doi.org/10.5004/700068

Abstract The ability of the communities to continue to live normally is doubtful if sufficient water is not allocated to agricultural irrigation. As a result, we try to analyze a non-conventional source of non-potable water for irrigation. The investigation assessed wastewater treatment plants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, particularly emphasizing...
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Navigating water scarcity and supporting food security: market-based development of sustainable irrigation

Youssef Brouziyne, Nafn Amdar, Makram Belhaj Fraj

(2025) 6–9 https://doi.org/10.5004/700096

Abstract Water scarcity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is a complex issue influenced by various factors such as climate change, population growth, urbanization, inefficient water management practices, and geopolitical tensions. This situation has significant implications for the irrigation sector in the MENA region, impacting...
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Deep neural networks application in environmental and water resources simulations

Mohammad Mahdi Rajabi

(2025) 3–5 https://doi.org/10.5004/700095

Abstract Traditionally, environmental and water resources simulations (EWRS) have relied on physics-based analytical and numerical models. These models employ parameters that characterize the environmental systems, system state variables, and external forces as input into mathematical equations to predict future conditions of environmental systems and...
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Fuel allocation in water and power cogeneration desalination plant

Ibrahim S. Al-Mutaz, Meshari S. Aldalbahi

(2025) 22–29 https://doi.org/10.5004/700028

Abstract Most large thermal desalination plants are combined with power generation, using energy that would otherwise be rejected by the environment. Energy is usually one of the largest operating costs and can vary appreciably with fuel value, plant configuration, and operating mode. In independent or privatized power and desalination plants, the Power...
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Advanced GC-MS-SIM method for simultaneous determination of isphenol-A and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in seawater

Mohammed Akkbik, Ahmad Ali Ahmadi, Noora Al-Qahtani

(2025) 35–39 https://doi.org/10.5004/700039

Abstract In response to environmental concerns and the need for precise analytical methods, a highly sophisticated gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) technique was developed for the simultaneous quantification of bisphenol-A (BPA) and three common phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in seawater samples. This novel method was meticulously designed to...
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Assessing the hydrological and hydraulic behaviour of an arid catchment which determines flood impacts in the Dhofar governorate, Oman

Manal A. Al Balushi, Joseph Holden, Mark A. Trigg

(2025) 119–132 https://doi.org/10.5004/700040

Abstract Oman has experienced several major recent flood events, most of them considered as deadly flash floods. The Dhofar governorate has been at the brunt of such floods, most recently in 2018 and 2020. This study seeks to identify appropriate flood risk mitigation measures by understanding the hydrological processes operating in the Darbat catchment...
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Electricity generation and industrial wastewater treatment using microbial fuel cell

Abdullah Al-Matouq, Mohd Elmuntasir Ahmed, Mishari Khajah, Hussain Abdullah, Rashed Al-Yaseen, Mariam Al-Jumaa, Farah Al-Ajeel, Noura Alayyadhi, Ahmed Shishter

(2025) 272–274 https://doi.org/10.5004/700110

Abstract Due to the rapid increase in population and industry sectors, the consumption of energy from fossil fuels is increasing rapidly, as a result, carbon emissions have increased, which negatively affects the environment. Currently, the electrical energy plants in Kuwait serve around 70,085 M.kWh and this is expected to increase in the future, which...
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The role of the World Health Organization in drinking water, sanitation and hygiene and updated publications

Rola Al-Emam

(2025) 10–11 https://doi.org/10.5004/700097

Abstract Safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are crucial to human health and wellbeing. Safe WASH is not only a prerequisite to health, but contributes to livelihoods, school attendance and dignity and helps to create resilient communities living in healthy environments. Historically, the World Health Organization (WHO) work has included...
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Treated wastewater application in urban agriculture

Ahmed Al-Busaidi, Mushtaque Ahmed, Wenresti Gallardo, Waad Al-Aghbari

(2025) 251–262 https://doi.org/10.5004/700007

Abstract Waste management is one of the most crucial challenges for the governments to control the worst impacts in terms of public health, environmental resources (water and food) and climate change. Therefore, in order to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12, water deficit countries need to look for innovative and sustainable production of...
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