WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference

WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference
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De-carbonization pathways in the water sector in the GCC countries

Hind Al-Ali±*, Mousa AlHajrib, Mohammed AlAalic

(2025) 17 https://doi.org/10.5004/700101

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A special session in which national working papers from the GCC countries are presented to present their national vision, efforts, and experiences to reduce carbon emissions in the water sector to contribute to achieving carbon neutrality within the framework of the Paris Climate Change Agreement.

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Using desalination for agriculture irrigation in GCC countries: state of art and future outlook

Mohamed A. Dawoud1*, Waleed H. Abou El Hassan2

(2025) 209–221 https://doi.org/10.5004/700048

Abstract The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are located in an arid and hyper arid region with a scarcity of freshwater resources. Due to limited conventional water resources and deterioration of groundwater, they invested in non-conventional water resources such as desalination and the reuse of treated wastewater. With an area of about 2.6...
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Farmers' attitude regarding the use of treated wastewater in agricultural irrigation, the case of Saudi Arabia


Mohammed A. Alomair1, Ammar M. Ebrahim2*, Randah M.Alqurashi2, Salah M. Sidahmed1, Mohamed M. El-Kafrawy1–3*, Fathi A. Alnajime1, Siddig H. Hamad2, Rady Tawfik2, Khalid G. Turk2, Abdulrahman S. Alablan1, Emad Al-Karablieh4


(2025) 295–307 https://doi.org/10.5004/700041

AbstractReuse of treated wastewater could provide a key solution to address sustainable water resources management in agriculture. However, the success of this practice depends on farmers’ acceptance and involvement, which require careful assessment and evaluation. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the farmers’ perception about the treated...
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New developments in mathematical modeling of groundwater systems

Abdelkader Larabi

(2025) 78–80 https://doi.org/10.5004/700104

AbstractThe numerical modeling of groundwater flow in unconfined aquifers is much more involved than in confined aquifers. This is because the governing equation (i.e., Richard’s equation) is highly nonlinear and is subject to nonlinear boundary conditions as well. This nonlinearity is related to the dependence of the relative permeability and the water...
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Assessing the hydrological and hydraulic behaviour of an arid catchment which determines flood impacts in the Dhofar governorate, Oman

Manal A. Al Balushi1*, Joseph Holden1, Mark A. Trigg2

(2025) 119–132 https://doi.org/10.5004/700040

Abstract Oman has experienced several major recent flood events, most of them considered as deadly flash floods. The Dhofar governorate has been at the brunt of such floods, most recently in 2018 and 2020. This study seeks to identify appropriate flood risk mitigation measures by understanding the hydrological processes operating in the Darbat catchment...
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Using technology to bridge the data gap for efficient management of agricultural water

Bert Coervera, Abdullah Barhyb, Mohamed Abdallahc*

(2025) 15–16 https://doi.org/10.5004/700100

AbstractWater scarcity represents a significant challenge to agricultural productivity and food security, particularly in the Near East and North Africa (NENA) region. Exacerbated by its arid and semi-arid climates, coupled with population growth, and changing climatic conditions, the demand for water in agriculture continues to rise despite the growing...
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Atmospheric water generation in Qatar: a sustainable approach for extracting water from air powered by solar energy

Aiyad Gannan

(2025) 141–145 https://doi.org/10.5004/700031

Abstract In alignment with Qatar National Vision 2030’s commitment to sustainable energy and a clean environment, this study is being carried out to review and investigate several sustainable water harvesting techniques from atmospheric humidity, fog, and dew. This investigation will show how well different fog/dew collectors function in collecting...
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Climate change and water scarcity: strategies for sustainable agricultural water use in the Arab Region

Kamel Mustafa Amer

(2025) 222–224 https://doi.org/10.5004/700107

Abstract Climate change represents a profound and ubiquitous challenge with particularly acute consequences in the Arab region. In this area, inhabitants confront escalating temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and increasingly frequent and intense meteorological phenomena. These alterations exacerbate the pre-existing critical issue of water...
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Mainstreaming the outcome of the UN summit on groundwater in the Arab strategy for water security

Bisher Imam

(2025) 84 https://doi.org/10.5004/700106

AbstractThe United Nations Summit on Groundwater was held at UNESCO headquarters in Paris, France, from 6 to 8 December 2022. This summit was the conclusion of a year in which the focus was on groundwater (the hidden resource). In parallel, with the summit, the United Nations Commission on Water also held an expanded meeting that resulted in the issuance...
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Advanced wastewater treatment using functionalized membranes

Mohammed Z. Al-Abri

(2025) 275–276 https://doi.org/10.5004/700111

AbstractMembranes play a crucial role in water treatment and desalination, offering an essential solution to meet the increasing global demand for clean water. The versatility of polymeric membranes in terms of fabrication processes, membrane properties, and applications makes them incredibly well-suited for various wastewater treatment applications....
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Utilizing machine learning for short-term water demand forecast

Waleed Eldamaty*, Mohammed Abdallah, Khalid Al Zaabi

(2025) 163–170 https://doi.org/10.5004/700012

Abstract As technology continues to evolve, it has a profound impact on various aspects of our lives, including our water consumption. This becomes crucial as the GCC region is experiencing rapid social and economic transformation, leading to an increase in water demands and creating a gap between water supply and demand. This gap can be addressed by...
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Assessment of groundwater quality and its implications for drinking purposes in Najran, Southern Saudi Arabia

Abdulnoor A.J. Ghanim*, Abdulmohsen Ali Al-Swar, Saleh Mohammed Naser, Jarallah Mohammed Al-Yami, Hamad Thari alsaqoor, Salem Naser Al-Haider

(2025) 85–96 https://doi.org/10.5004/700015

Abstract In arid and semi-arid regions of Saudi Arabia, where water scarcity is an issue, monitoring groundwater quality is crucial. The main goal of this study is to assess the quality of groundwater and investigate the characteristics of water wells in Najran City, Saudi Arabia. A total of 10 groundwater wells in the study area were analyzed for...
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Addressing climate change risks on water and food security in the Arab Region

Vinay Nangia

(2025) 12https://doi.org/10.5004/700098

AbstractAbstract Water scarcity is increasing, especially in dry environments, such as in the Arab Region, with climate change and degradation of natural resources. About 41% of the Earth’s land area is classified as dryland; wherein the farming system is characterized by low annual rainfall with much of it falling in the winter and spring. Agriculture,...
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Revolutionizing desalination: KISR's breakthrough projects addressing water crisis challenges

Mansour Ahmed

(2025) 54–68 https://doi.org/10.5004/700092

Abstract Desalination, a vital solution to the rapidly increasing global water crisis, faces persistent challenges in efficiency, sustainability, and economic viability. This article presents a comprehensive overview of innovative research activities of the Water Desalination Technologies (WDT) program at the Water Research Center (WRC) of the Kuwait...
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Development of flood risk mapping and mitigation strategies for Al-Qassim region

Atef Q. Kawara, Ibrahim H. Elsebaie

(2025) 133–140 https://doi.org/10.5004/700050

Abstract In this study, a research project aiming at producing a comprehensive map of flood risk in the Al-Qassim region is described. Flooding has become a pressing issue in this region, and this initiative aims to apply fundamental scientific principles to advance our understanding of flood risks, resulting in the development of innovative mitigation...
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Developing a sensor-based agricultural water management system for irrigation scheduling, automation, and optimization

Farhat Abbas1*, Salem Al-Naemi1, Aitazaz A. Farooque2,3, Rachid Benlamri1, Hassan Ali1, Jose Emmanuel L. Ventura1

(2025) 229–238 https://doi.org/10.5004/700088

Abstract The role of agriculture has been marked significantly in sustaining societies throughout the globe. Its relevance to dry arid regions like GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) region countries is more particular due to food security, sustainability, and climate change. Qatar’s efforts in safeguarding food security have been witnessed greatly in recent...
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Artificial intelligence application in hydrogeology and groundwater management

Khalid ElHaj, Dalal Alshamsi

83–81 (2025) doi: 10.5004/.700105

AbstractGroundwater management involves overseeing groundwater resources to ensure their ideal utilization and long-term sustainability. More than two billions of the world population depend on groundwater resources as their main water source, as a result, managing such an important resources would be of paramount importance to governments. This would be...
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