WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference

WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference
WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference||Doha Qatar, 28-30 April 2024
The 15th Gulf Water Conference - Conference proceedings

WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference
Doha Qatar, 28-30 April 2024

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Digitalization in water: key to security in the realm of cyber insecurity risk in the Arab region

Hammou Laamrani

(2025) 1-2 https://doi.org/10.5004/700094

Abstract Over the last decade, the GCC countries and to a lesser extent, the rest of the Arab region has experienced a profound digital transformation, bringing the online population from 28.8% in 2012 to 70.3% in 2022, and the number of internet users to 327 million. The transition to digital economies as reflected in countries’ visions, and the...
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Deep neural networks application in environmental and water resources simulations

Mohammad Mahdi Rajabi

(2025) 3–5 https://doi.org/10.5004/700095

Abstract Traditionally, environmental and water resources simulations (EWRS) have relied on physics-based analytical and numerical models. These models employ parameters that characterize the environmental systems, system state variables, and external forces as input into mathematical equations to predict future conditions of environmental systems and...
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Navigating water scarcity and supporting food security: market-based development of sustainable irrigation

Youssef Brouziyne, Nafn Amdar, Makram Belhaj Fraj

(2025) 6–9 https://doi.org/10.5004/700096

Abstract Water scarcity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is a complex issue influenced by various factors such as climate change, population growth, urbanization, inefficient water management practices, and geopolitical tensions. This situation has significant implications for the irrigation sector in the MENA region, impacting...
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The role of the World Health Organization in drinking water, sanitation and hygiene and updated publications

Rola Al-Emam

(2025) 10–11 https://doi.org/10.5004/700097

Abstract Safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are crucial to human health and wellbeing. Safe WASH is not only a prerequisite to health, but contributes to livelihoods, school attendance and dignity and helps to create resilient communities living in healthy environments. Historically, the World Health Organization (WHO) work has included...
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Addressing climate change risks on water and food security in the Arab Region

Vinay Nangia

(2025) 12 https://doi.org/10.5004/700098

Abstract Water scarcity is increasing, especially in dry environments, such as in the Arab Region, with climate change and degradation of natural resources. About 41% of the Earth’s land area is classified as dryland; wherein the farming system is characterized by low annual rainfall with much of it falling in the winter and spring. Agriculture,...
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Water MIS for efficient integrated water resource management

Patrice Moix, Helmi Ana’am, Ayisha Alkhatri

(2025) 13–14 https://doi.org/10.5004/700099

Abstract Water is a critical resource essential for sustaining life, supporting ecosystems, and driving socio-economic development. Effective management of water resources is imperative to ensure their sustainable use, particularly in the face of growing global population and growing demands, climate change, and increasing water-related challenges. In...
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Using technology to bridge the data gap for efficient management of agricultural water

Bert Coerver, Abdullah Barhy, Mohamed Abdallah

(2025) 15–16 https://doi.org/10.5004/700100

Abstract Water scarcity represents a significant challenge to agricultural productivity and food security, particularly in the Near East and North Africa (NENA) region. Exacerbated by its arid and semi-arid climates, coupled with population growth, and changing climatic conditions, the demand for water in agriculture continues to rise despite the...
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De-carbonization pathways in the water sector in the GCC countries

Hind Al-Ali, Mousa AlHajri, Mohammed AlAali

(2025) 17 https://doi.org/10.5004/700101

Abstract A special session in which national working papers from the GCC countries are presented to present their national vision, efforts, and experiences to reduce carbon emissions in the water sector to contribute to achieving carbon neutrality within the framework of the Paris Climate Change Agreement.
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Oil spill management to prevent catastrophic shutdown of desalination plants

Zhaoyang Liu

(2025) 18-21 https://doi.org/10.5004/700102

Abstract The combination of a growing global population and climate change has raised global concerns about the availability and safety of drinkable water. Seawater desalination is emerging as a low-cost, high-efficiency solution to coastal water constraint. There are around 16,000 desalination plants in operation worldwide, spread over 177 countries,...
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Fuel allocation in water and power cogeneration desalination plant

Ibrahim S. Al-Mutaz, Meshari S. Aldalbahi

(2025) 22–29 https://doi.org/10.5004/700028

Abstract Most large thermal desalination plants are combined with power generation, using energy that would otherwise be rejected by the environment. Energy is usually one of the largest operating costs and can vary appreciably with fuel value, plant configuration, and operating mode. In independent or privatized power and desalination plants, the Power...
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Solar-driven desalination in Saudi Arabia for a sustainable future

Raid Alrowais, D. Ybyraiymkul, M. Kum Ja, Kim Choon Ng

(2025) 30–34 https://doi.org/10.5004/700057

Abstract All primary (fossil) energy sources available on planet Earth emanate from the Sun, namely its photosphere (at 5700 K) where useful solar irradiance is acquired either directly or indirectly on a receiver surface. The maximum potential of a solar receiver is gauged by either direct normal (DNI) or global (HGI) irradiance. The literature has...
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Advanced GC-MS-SIM method for simultaneous determination of isphenol-A and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in seawater

Mohammed Akkbik, Ahmad Ali Ahmadi, Noora Al-Qahtani

(2025) 35–39 https://doi.org/10.5004/700039

Abstract In response to environmental concerns and the need for precise analytical methods, a highly sophisticated gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) technique was developed for the simultaneous quantification of bisphenol-A (BPA) and three common phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in seawater samples. This novel method was meticulously designed to...
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Oxide activated carbon for seawater desalination using solar energy

Wafa A. Al Rawahi, Amal S. Al Rahbi, Maryam S. Al Hashmi, Marwa Al Riyami, Hanadi Al Aameriya, Nada A. Al-Toubi, Riham A. Al-Nabhani

(2025) 40–46 https://doi.org/10.5004/700032

Abstract Desalination of seawater is an efficient process and a viable solution for water shortage problems. This process is consuming a large amount of energy. One of the latest possible solutions with less energy consumption is the use of activated carbon for the desalination process. Activated carbon can be produced using several materials including...
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An innovative approach to desalination and cooling using forward osmosis with thermal recovery and vapor absorption cycle

Hassan K. Abdulrahim, Mansour Ahmed

(2025) 47–53 https://doi.org/10.5004/700073

Abstract Kuwait is facing an increasing demand for freshwater due to the country’s limited natural water resources and hot, humid climate, which requires high levels of energy consumption. To address this challenge, a new system has been developed that integrates forward osmosis (FO) with thermal recovery and a vapor absorption cooling cycle. This...
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Revolutionizing desalination: KISR's breakthrough projects addressing water crisis challenges

Mansour Ahmed

(2025) 54–68 https://doi.org/10.5004/700092

Abstract Desalination, a vital solution to the rapidly increasing global water crisis, faces persistent challenges in efficiency, sustainability, and economic viability. This article presents a comprehensive overview of innovative research activities of the Water Desalination Technologies (WDT) program at the Water Research Center (WRC) of the Kuwait...
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Multi-objective optimization of innovative renewable energy-powered desalination and cooling system: a cutting-edge approach

Hassan Abdulrahim, Mansour Ahmed, Yousef Al-Wazzan, Salah Al-Jazzaf

(2025) 69–76 https://doi.org/10.5004/700069

Abstract Addressing water scarcity and elevated energy demand becomes imperative in arid regions like Kuwait and its fellow GCC nations. This study introduces a sophisticated system that synergistically pairs the Forward Osmosis (FO) with the Thermal Recovery (TR) desalination process with a Water-Lithium Bromide (H2O-LiBr) Vapor Absorption Cycle (VAC)....
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Airborne VHF sounding radar for desert subsurface exploration of shallow aquifers: DESERT-SEA

Essam Heggy

(2025) 77 https://doi.org/10.5004/700103

Abstract Shallow fossil aquifers are the largest freshwater bodies in the North African Sahara and the Arabian Peninsula. Their groundwater dynamics and response to climatic variability and anthropogenic discharge remain largely unquantified due to the absence of large-scale monitoring methods. Currently, the assessment of groundwater dynamics in these...
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New developments in mathematical modeling of groundwater systems

Abdelkader Larabi

(2025) 78–80 https://doi.org/10.5004/700104

Abstract The numerical modeling of groundwater flow in unconfined aquifers is much more involved than in confined aquifers. This is because the governing equation (i.e., Richard’s equation) is highly nonlinear and is subject to nonlinear boundary conditions as well. This nonlinearity is related to the dependence of the relative permeability and the...
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Mainstreaming the outcome of the UN summit on groundwater in the Arab strategy for water security

Bisher Imam

(2025) 84 https://doi.org/10.5004/700106

Abstract The United Nations Summit on Groundwater was held at UNESCO headquarters in Paris, France, from 6 to 8 December 2022. This summit was the conclusion of a year in which the focus was on groundwater (the hidden resource). In parallel, with the summit, the United Nations Commission on Water also held an expanded meeting that resulted in the...
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Assessment of groundwater quality and its implications for drinking purposes in Najran, Southern Saudi Arabia

Abdulnoor A.J. Ghanim, Abdulmohsen Ali Al-Swar, Saleh Mohammed Naser, Jarallah Mohammed Al-Yami, Hamad Thari Alsaqoor, Salem Naser Al-Haider

(2025) 85–96 https://doi.org/10.5004/700015

Abstract In arid and semi-arid regions of Saudi Arabia, where water scarcity is an issue, monitoring groundwater quality is crucial. The main goal of this study is to assess the quality of groundwater and investigate the characteristics of water wells in Najran City, Saudi Arabia. A total of 10 groundwater wells in the study area were analyzed for...
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Flood hazard maps generation caused by hypothetical failure of the Tabqa Dam by use of HEC-RAS 2D model

Sadeq Oleiwi Sulaiman

(2025) 97–106 https://doi.org/10.5004/700026

Abstract One of the most devastating natural calamities is flooding. Time of occurrence, mode of spread, and magnitude are all crucial pieces of information to have. Catchments and regions are frequently reported to have been flooded, with tragic results including loss of life, destruction of property, suspension of traffic, loss of power, and...
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Groundwater aquifers susceptibility index of waterborne diseases outbreaks (ASIWD) in Nile Delta, Egypt

Osama M. Sallam, Karim Soliman

(2025) 107–118 https://doi.org/10.5004/700029

Abstract The Corona pandemic and its significant economic and social effects, as well as the large spread of parasites, motivated us to conduct this research to develop a map of the sensitivity of groundwater pollution to waterborne pathogens. This study aims to create an index for evaluating groundwater aquifers’ susceptibility to waterborne diseases...
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Assessing the hydrological and hydraulic behaviour of an arid catchment which determines flood impacts in the Dhofar governorate, Oman

Manal A. Al Balushi, Joseph Holden, Mark A. Trigg

(2025) 119–132 https://doi.org/10.5004/700040

Abstract Oman has experienced several major recent flood events, most of them considered as deadly flash floods. The Dhofar governorate has been at the brunt of such floods, most recently in 2018 and 2020. This study seeks to identify appropriate flood risk mitigation measures by understanding the hydrological processes operating in the Darbat catchment...
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Development of flood risk mapping and mitigation strategies for Al-Qassim region

Atef Q. Kawara, Ibrahim H. Elsebaie

(2025) 133–140 https://doi.org/10.5004/700050

Abstract In this study, a research project aiming at producing a comprehensive map of flood risk in the Al-Qassim region is described. Flooding has become a pressing issue in this region, and this initiative aims to apply fundamental scientific principles to advance our understanding of flood risks, resulting in the development of innovative mitigation...
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