WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference

WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference
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Solar-driven desalination in Saudi Arabia for a sustainable future

Raid Alrowais, D. Ybyraiymkul, M. Kum Ja, Kim Choon Ng

(2025) 30–34 https://doi.org/10.5004/700057

pdf_ico.png Abstract

All primary (fossil) energy sources available on planet Earth emanate from the Sun, namely its photosphere (at 5700 K) where useful solar irradiance is acquired either directly or indirectly on a receiver surface. The maximum potential of a solar receiver is gauged by either direct normal (DNI) or global (HGI) irradiance. The literature has widely reported three types of solar harvesters for the production of green electricity, namely (i) the stationary PV, (ii) the concentrated PV or CPV, and (iii) the CSP combined with thermal energy storage systems powering the power plants. Thus, depending on the PV materials and receiver designs, the solar systems could operate over a wide range of solar irradiance, ranging from 1 Sun to concentrations up to 1000 suns or more. Consequently, it is important to differentiate the inherent performance of these solar energy harvesters in terms of collectible energy efficiency. In the study of totally green desalination, all types of solar harvesters for electricity production will be utilized for powering the membrane-based seawater desalination plants. The water production efficacy from assorted PV and seawater reverse-osmosis plants will be compared and presented along with their estimated unit water production cost.

Keywords: Green desalination methods; Standard solar energy (SSE); Solar energy

$45.00

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Assessment of groundwater quality and its implications for drinking purposes in Najran, Southern Saudi Arabia

Abdulnoor A.J. Ghanim, Abdulmohsen Ali Al-Swar, Saleh Mohammed Naser, Jarallah Mohammed Al-Yami, Hamad Thari Alsaqoor, Salem Naser Al-Haider

(2025) 85–96 https://doi.org/10.5004/700015

Abstract In arid and semi-arid regions of Saudi Arabia, where water scarcity is an issue, monitoring groundwater quality is crucial. The main goal of this study is to assess the quality of groundwater and investigate the characteristics of water wells in Najran City, Saudi Arabia. A total of 10 groundwater wells in the study area were analyzed for...
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Digitalization in water: key to security in the realm of cyber insecurity risk in the Arab region

Hammou Laamrani

(2025) 1-2 https://doi.org/10.5004/700094

Abstract Over the last decade, the GCC countries and to a lesser extent, the rest of the Arab region has experienced a profound digital transformation, bringing the online population from 28.8% in 2012 to 70.3% in 2022, and the number of internet users to 327 million. The transition to digital economies as reflected in countries’ visions, and the...
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Harnessing biosaline agriculture for food security in the arid GCC

Rachyd Zaabol

(2025) 226–228 https://doi.org/10.5004/700109

Abstract Water scarcity is a prominent challenge threatening efforts to achieve food security in the GCC. A predominantly arid region characterized by scant and erratic rainfall combined with high potential evaporation rates exacerbates the profound and widespread impacts of accelerating water scarcity on local agricultural sustainability. The...
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Deep neural networks application in environmental and water resources simulations

Mohammad Mahdi Rajabi

(2025) 3–5 https://doi.org/10.5004/700095

Abstract Traditionally, environmental and water resources simulations (EWRS) have relied on physics-based analytical and numerical models. These models employ parameters that characterize the environmental systems, system state variables, and external forces as input into mathematical equations to predict future conditions of environmental systems and...
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Treated wastewater application in urban agriculture

Ahmed Al-Busaidi, Mushtaque Ahmed, Wenresti Gallardo, Waad Al-Aghbari

(2025) 251–262 https://doi.org/10.5004/700007

Abstract Waste management is one of the most crucial challenges for the governments to control the worst impacts in terms of public health, environmental resources (water and food) and climate change. Therefore, in order to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12, water deficit countries need to look for innovative and sustainable production of...
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Atmospheric water generation in Qatar: a sustainable approach for extracting water from air powered by solar energy

Aiyad Gannan

(2025) 141–145 https://doi.org/10.5004/700031

Abstract In alignment with Qatar National Vision 2030’s commitment to sustainable energy and a clean environment, this study is being carried out to review and investigate several sustainable water harvesting techniques from atmospheric humidity, fog, and dew. This investigation will show how well different fog/dew collectors function in collecting...
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Groundwater aquifers susceptibility index of waterborne diseases outbreaks (ASIWD) in Nile Delta, Egypt

Osama M. Sallam, Karim Soliman

(2025) 107–118 https://doi.org/10.5004/700029

Abstract The Corona pandemic and its significant economic and social effects, as well as the large spread of parasites, motivated us to conduct this research to develop a map of the sensitivity of groundwater pollution to waterborne pathogens. This study aims to create an index for evaluating groundwater aquifers’ susceptibility to waterborne diseases...
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Comparative wastewater quality indicators and multivariate analysis of Riyadh sewage treatment plants and its impact on irrigation of Riyadh District

Ahmed M. Elfeky, Ahmed A. El-Shafei, Faisal M. Alfaisal

(2025) 315–323 https://doi.org/10.5004/700068

Abstract The ability of the communities to continue to live normally is doubtful if sufficient water is not allocated to agricultural irrigation. As a result, we try to analyze a non-conventional source of non-potable water for irrigation. The investigation assessed wastewater treatment plants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, particularly emphasizing...
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Climate change and water scarcity: strategies for sustainable agricultural water use in the Arab Region

Kamel Mustafa Amer

(2025) 222–224 https://doi.org/10.5004/700107

Abstract Climate change represents a profound and ubiquitous challenge with particularly acute consequences in the Arab region. In this area, inhabitants confront escalating temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and increasingly frequent and intense meteorological phenomena. These alterations exacerbate the pre-existing critical issue of water...
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Business model for small-scale decentralized wastewater treatment and sludge management in Jordan

Mohammad A. Tabieh, Emad K. Al-Karablieh, Tala H Qtaishat, Nael H. Thaher, Amer Z. Salman, Mohammad I. Majdalawi, Madi. T. Al-Jaghbir, Nehaya. K.Al-Karablieh, Ahmad I. Jamrah

(2025) 332–343 https://doi.org/10.5004/700034

Abstract Wastewater treatment is often driven by government mandate. The dissemination of decentralized wastewater management as complementation to large-scale centralized wastewater treatment plants in areas that cannot be connected due technical engineering issues or costefficiently can play a decisive role to achieve the SDG6. This paper describes...
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Advanced GC-MS-SIM method for simultaneous determination of isphenol-A and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in seawater

Mohammed Akkbik, Ahmad Ali Ahmadi, Noora Al-Qahtani

(2025) 35–39 https://doi.org/10.5004/700039

Abstract In response to environmental concerns and the need for precise analytical methods, a highly sophisticated gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) technique was developed for the simultaneous quantification of bisphenol-A (BPA) and three common phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in seawater samples. This novel method was meticulously designed to...
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New developments in mathematical modeling of groundwater systems

Abdelkader Larabi

(2025) 78–80 https://doi.org/10.5004/700104

Abstract The numerical modeling of groundwater flow in unconfined aquifers is much more involved than in confined aquifers. This is because the governing equation (i.e., Richard’s equation) is highly nonlinear and is subject to nonlinear boundary conditions as well. This nonlinearity is related to the dependence of the relative permeability and the...
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Economics of water under climate change in Arab countries: a policy perspective

Mohamed A. Abdrabo

(2025) 225 https://doi.org/10.5004/700108

Abstract The Arab region is one of the driest regions in terms of water availability, as the region is located in arid and sub-arid regions with low rainfall and high temperatures in summer, they are vulnerable to drought. and climate change is expected to heighten water stress in the region, with a reduction in precipitation and increased demand from...
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Artificial intelligence application in hydrogeology and groundwater management

Khalid ElHaj, Dalal Alshamsi

(2025) 81–83 doi: 10.5004/.700105

Abstract Groundwater management involves overseeing groundwater resources to ensure their ideal utilization and long-term sustainability. More than two billions of the world population depend on groundwater resources as their main water source, as a result, managing such an important resources would be of paramount importance to governments. This would...
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Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles for wastewater treatment

Amal S. Al Rahbi, Sharifa Al Awaid, Huda Al Amri, Rehab Al Syiabi, Hafsa Al Dowiki

(2025) 324–331 https://doi.org/10.5004/700023

Abstract This study focuses on the use of a green synthetic strategy to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles using Albizia lebbeck pods extract. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The...
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Navigating water scarcity and supporting food security: market-based development of sustainable irrigation

Youssef Brouziyne, Nafn Amdar, Makram Belhaj Fraj

(2025) 6–9 https://doi.org/10.5004/700096

Abstract Water scarcity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is a complex issue influenced by various factors such as climate change, population growth, urbanization, inefficient water management practices, and geopolitical tensions. This situation has significant implications for the irrigation sector in the MENA region, impacting...
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