WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference

WSTA 15th Gulf Water Conference
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Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles for wastewater treatment

Amal S. Al Rahbi, Sharifa Al Awaid, Huda Al Amri, Rehab Al Syiabi, Hafsa Al Dowiki

(2025) 324–331 https://doi.org/10.5004/700023

pdf_ico.png Abstract

This study focuses on the use of a green synthetic strategy to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles using Albizia lebbeck pods extract. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The influence of nanoparticles preparation method was examined. XRD patterns confirmed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite structure and SEM results showed high agglomeration with irregular shape. The catalytic degradation of methyl orange and methylene blue dyes using the synthesized nanoparticles was examined. Results indicate that the removal efficiency of 87 and 82% was obtained for methyl orange and methyl blue within 60 min using nanoparticles dosage (0.02 g) and initial dye concentration (40 ppm). The experimental data were suitably fitted by Langmuir isotherm indicating a monolayer nature of the adsorption process. The obtained results demonstrate that the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles could be effectively utilized as adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue and methyl orange from aqueous solutions.

Keywords: Green synthesis; ZnO; Wastewater; Contaminants

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Multi-objective optimization of innovative renewable energy-powered desalination and cooling system: a cutting-edge approach

Hassan Abdulrahim, Mansour Ahmed, Yousef Al-Wazzan, Salah Al-Jazzaf

(2025) 69–76 https://doi.org/10.5004/700069

Abstract Addressing water scarcity and elevated energy demand becomes imperative in arid regions like Kuwait and its fellow GCC nations. This study introduces a sophisticated system that synergistically pairs the Forward Osmosis (FO) with the Thermal Recovery (TR) desalination process with a Water-Lithium Bromide (H2O-LiBr) Vapor Absorption Cycle (VAC)....
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Mainstreaming the outcome of the UN summit on groundwater in the Arab strategy for water security

Bisher Imam

(2025) 84 https://doi.org/10.5004/700106

Abstract The United Nations Summit on Groundwater was held at UNESCO headquarters in Paris, France, from 6 to 8 December 2022. This summit was the conclusion of a year in which the focus was on groundwater (the hidden resource). In parallel, with the summit, the United Nations Commission on Water also held an expanded meeting that resulted in the...
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Advanced wastewater treatment using functionalized membranes

Mohammed Z. Al-Abri

(2025) 275–276 https://doi.org/10.5004/700111

Abstract Membranes play a crucial role in water treatment and desalination, offering an essential solution to meet the increasing global demand for clean water. The versatility of polymeric membranes in terms of fabrication processes, membrane properties, and applications makes them incredibly well-suited for various wastewater treatment applications....
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Addressing climate change risks on water and food security in the Arab Region

Vinay Nangia

(2025) 12 https://doi.org/10.5004/700098

Abstract Water scarcity is increasing, especially in dry environments, such as in the Arab Region, with climate change and degradation of natural resources. About 41% of the Earth’s land area is classified as dryland; wherein the farming system is characterized by low annual rainfall with much of it falling in the winter and spring. Agriculture,...
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Utilizing machine learning for short-term water demand forecast

Waleed Eldamaty, Mohammed Abdallah, Khalid Al Zaabi

(2025) 163–170 https://doi.org/10.5004/700012

Abstract As technology continues to evolve, it has a profound impact on various aspects of our lives, including our water consumption. This becomes crucial as the GCC region is experiencing rapid social and economic transformation, leading to an increase in water demands and creating a gap between water supply and demand. This gap can be addressed by...
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An innovative approach to desalination and cooling using forward osmosis with thermal recovery and vapor absorption cycle

Hassan K. Abdulrahim, Mansour Ahmed

(2025) 47–53 https://doi.org/10.5004/700073

Abstract Kuwait is facing an increasing demand for freshwater due to the country’s limited natural water resources and hot, humid climate, which requires high levels of energy consumption. To address this challenge, a new system has been developed that integrates forward osmosis (FO) with thermal recovery and a vapor absorption cooling cycle. This...
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Evaluating the hydraulic feasibility of brackish groundwater supply for small-scale reverse osmosis plants in community centers in Kuwait

Amjad Aliewi, Harish Bhandary

(2025) 153–162 https://doi.org/10.5004/700033

Abstract The efficient operation of small reverse osmosis units in community centers in Kuwait necessitates a minimal supply of brackish groundwater with suitable water quality standards. Specific requirements were established for a public center in Al-Salmeyeh, Kuwait, demanding a brackish groundwater supply of 250 m3/h with suitable quality parameters...
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System dynamics model to study the effect of different policies on Bahrain’s hydrological processes

Raed Aljowder, Abrar Habib

(2025) 171–179 https://doi.org/10.5004/700067

Abstract System Dynamics (SD) modeling is a powerful tool for modeling complex interconnected and dynamic systems. It involves representing these systems with blocks and feedback loops defined mathematically. This kind of modeling can be very useful for decision-makers who want to understand the impact of different policies on a particular variable. SD...
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Electricity generation and industrial wastewater treatment using microbial fuel cell

Abdullah Al-Matouq, Mohd Elmuntasir Ahmed, Mishari Khajah, Hussain Abdullah, Rashed Al-Yaseen, Mariam Al-Jumaa, Farah Al-Ajeel, Noura Alayyadhi, Ahmed Shishter

(2025) 272–274 https://doi.org/10.5004/700110

Abstract Due to the rapid increase in population and industry sectors, the consumption of energy from fossil fuels is increasing rapidly, as a result, carbon emissions have increased, which negatively affects the environment. Currently, the electrical energy plants in Kuwait serve around 70,085 M.kWh and this is expected to increase in the future, which...
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Business model for small-scale decentralized wastewater treatment and sludge management in Jordan

Mohammad A. Tabieh, Emad K. Al-Karablieh, Tala H Qtaishat, Nael H. Thaher, Amer Z. Salman, Mohammad I. Majdalawi, Madi. T. Al-Jaghbir, Nehaya. K.Al-Karablieh, Ahmad I. Jamrah

(2025) 332–343 https://doi.org/10.5004/700034

Abstract Wastewater treatment is often driven by government mandate. The dissemination of decentralized wastewater management as complementation to large-scale centralized wastewater treatment plants in areas that cannot be connected due technical engineering issues or costefficiently can play a decisive role to achieve the SDG6. This paper describes...
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Oxide activated carbon for seawater desalination using solar energy

Wafa A. Al Rawahi, Amal S. Al Rahbi, Maryam S. Al Hashmi, Marwa Al Riyami, Hanadi Al Aameriya, Nada A. Al-Toubi, Riham A. Al-Nabhani

(2025) 40–46 https://doi.org/10.5004/700032

Abstract Desalination of seawater is an efficient process and a viable solution for water shortage problems. This process is consuming a large amount of energy. One of the latest possible solutions with less energy consumption is the use of activated carbon for the desalination process. Activated carbon can be produced using several materials including...
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Towards sustainable water management: leveraging soil moisture sensors for smart irrigation in the GCC

Hassan Ali, Rachid Benlamri, Aitazaz A. Farooque, Farhat Abbas, Raziq Yaqub

(2025) 263–271 https://doi.org/10.5004/700090

Abstract Efficient water management in agriculture is paramount in the arid and semi-arid regions of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Soil moisture sensors-based irrigation scheduling has emerged as a crucial tool for optimizing irrigation practices, conserving water resources, and improving crop yields. This paper delves into the...
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Navigating water scarcity and supporting food security: market-based development of sustainable irrigation

Youssef Brouziyne, Nafn Amdar, Makram Belhaj Fraj

(2025) 6–9 https://doi.org/10.5004/700096

Abstract Water scarcity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is a complex issue influenced by various factors such as climate change, population growth, urbanization, inefficient water management practices, and geopolitical tensions. This situation has significant implications for the irrigation sector in the MENA region, impacting...
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Harnessing biosaline agriculture for food security in the arid GCC

Rachyd Zaabol

(2025) 226–228 https://doi.org/10.5004/700109

Abstract Water scarcity is a prominent challenge threatening efforts to achieve food security in the GCC. A predominantly arid region characterized by scant and erratic rainfall combined with high potential evaporation rates exacerbates the profound and widespread impacts of accelerating water scarcity on local agricultural sustainability. The...
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Developing a sensor-based agricultural water management system for irrigation scheduling, automation, and optimization

Farhat Abbas, Salem Al-Naemi, Aitazaz A. Farooque, Rachid Benlamri, Hassan Ali, Jose Emmanuel L. Ventura

(2025) 229–238 https://doi.org/10.5004/700088

Abstract The role of agriculture has been marked significantly in sustaining societies throughout the globe. Its relevance to dry arid regions like GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) region countries is more particular due to food security, sustainability, and climate change. Qatar’s efforts in safeguarding food security have been witnessed greatly in...
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Using desalination for agriculture irrigation in GCC countries: state of art and future outlook

Mohamed A. Dawoud, Waleed H. Abou El Hassan

(2025) 209–221 https://doi.org/10.5004/700048

Abstract The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are located in an arid and hyper arid region with a scarcity of freshwater resources. Due to limited conventional water resources and deterioration of groundwater, they invested in non-conventional water resources such as desalination and the reuse of treated wastewater. With an area of about 2.6...
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